#Igor pro remove ringing and overshoot Pc#
#Igor pro remove ringing and overshoot series#

These layer 2 principal cells can be divided into two broad classes, semilunar (SL) cells and superficial pyramidal (SP) cells, both of which receive direct afferent input from the olfactory bulb and which are expected to be key players in the representation of olfactory information (Suzuki & Bekkers, 2006, 2011 Wiegand et al.

#Igor pro remove ringing and overshoot Pc#

The most numerous neurons in the PC are the glutamate‐releasing principal cells which have their somas densely packed into layer 2 (Neville & Haberly, 2004 Bekkers & Suzuki, 2013).

2016 Bolding & Franks, 2017 Roland et al. 2015 Sturgill & Isaacson, 2015 Large et al. 2011 Poo & Isaacson, 2011 Sosulski et al. This combination of simplicity and sophistication has made the PC an appealing model system for investigating how sensory information is represented in the activity of cortical circuits (Stettler & Axel, 2009 Choi et al. Despite its simpler trilaminar anatomy, however, the PC is a functionally sophisticated neural device, considered to be important for recognizing and remembering odours as holistic entities rather than as lists of chemical components (Murthy, 2011 Wilson & Sullivan, 2011 Bekkers & Suzuki, 2013 Giessel & Datta, 2014 Uchida et al. The PC is unusual in that it is a three‐layered palaeocortex, in sharp contrast to the more highly‐evolved six‐layered neocortex of all other primary senses (Stevens, 1969 Haberly, 1983 Shepherd, 2011 Fournier et al. The piriform cortex (PC) is the primary sensory cortex for olfaction in mammals. In the present study, we describe some of the groundwork that will assist in the application of this approach to the piriform cortex. 2015), thalamus (Izhikevich & Edelman, 2008) and retina (Ding et al. This kind of approach has been applied at different levels of detail in many brain regions, including the neocortex (Markram et al. Knowledge of these intrinsic properties makes it possible in principle to quantify the input‐to‐output transformation implemented by each type of neuron, which can then be incorporated into a network model of the circuit (Herz et al. More broadly, our findings indicate that, at the level of single‐cell electrical properties, this palaeocortex is not so different from the neocortex, vindicating efforts to use the PC as a model of cortical sensory processing in general.Ī fruitful strategy for understanding any neural circuit is to take a bottom‐up approach, which begins with a detailed analysis of the intrinsic electrical properties of the neurons in the circuit.

#Igor pro remove ringing and overshoot series#

Our results are summarized in a series of empirical equations that should prove useful to computational neuroscientists seeking to model the PC. The K Ca conductances were also similar across the different types of neurons. The kinetic and voltage‐dependent properties of the Na V and K V conductances were, with some exceptions, identical in SL and SP cells and similar to those found in neocortical pyramidal neurons. We found that SL and SP cells both express a fast‐inactivating Na V current, two types of K V current (A‐type and delayed rectifier‐type) and three types of K Ca current (fast‐, medium‐ and slow‐afterhyperpolarization currents). In the present study, we used nucleated macropatches and whole‐cell recordings to rigorously quantify the biophysical properties of voltage‐gated sodium (Na V), voltage‐gated potassium (K V) and calcium‐activated potassium (K Ca) conductances in two major classes of glutamatergic neurons in layer 2 of the PC, semilunar (SL) cells and superficial pyramidal (SP) cells. However, little information is available on the intrinsic electrical conductances in neurons of the PC, hampering efforts to build realistic computational models of this cortex. The primary olfactory cortex (or piriform cortex, PC) is an anatomically simple palaeocortex that is increasingly used as a model system for investigating cortical sensory processing.